Laporan Akhir M3 Mikro

   [KEMBALI KE MENU SEBELUMNYA]


1. Prosedur [kembali]

  1. Wiring Rangkaian Hardware Sesuai Percobaan 3 dengan menggunakan Protokol Komunikasi UART.
  2. Jika Sudah Sesuai. Buka STM32CubeIDE New Project untuk STMNucleoG474RE.
  3. dan Inisiasi Connectivity Konfigurasi Sesuai Modul pada STMNucleoG474RE
  4. Buka Juga NewProject Untuk STM32BluePill 
  5. dan Inisiasi Connectivity Konfigurasi Sesuai Modul pada STM32Bluepill.
  6. Perhatikan hasil Output dari Rangkaian dan Program!

2. Hardware dan Diagram Blok [kembali]


    1. STM32 Nucleo G474RE


    Microcontroller

    STM32G474RE (ARM Cortex-M4F)

    Operating Voltage

    3.3 V

    Input Voltage (recommended)

    5 V via USB (ST-LINK) atau 7–12 V via VIN

    Input Voltage (limit)

    4.5 15 V (VIN board Nucleo)

    Digital I/O Pins

    ±51 GPIO pins (tergantung konfigurasi fungsi)

    PWM Digital I/O Pins

    Hingga 24 channel PWM (advanced, general-purpose, dan high-resolution timers)

    Analog Input Pins

    Hingga 24 channel ADC (12-bit / 16-bit dengan oversampling)

    DC Current per I/O Pin

    Maks. 20 mA per pin (disarankan 8 mA)

    DC Current for 3.3V Pin

    Hingga ±500 mA (tergantung regulator & sumber daya)

    Flash Memory

    512 KB internal Flash

    SRAM

    128 KB SRAM (termasuk CCM RAM)

    Clock Speed

    Hingga 170 MHz


        2. STM32F103C8

    Microcontroller

    ARM Cortex-M3

    Operating Voltage

    3.3 V

    Input Voltage (recommended)

    5 V

    Input Voltage (limit)

    2 3.6 V

    Digital I/O Pins

    32

    PWM Digital I/O Pins

    15

    Analog Input Pins

    10 (dengan resolusi 12-bit ADC)

    DC Current per I/O Pin

    25 mA

    DC Current for 3.3V Pin

    150 mA

    Flash Memory

    64 KB

    SRAM

    20 KB

    EEPROM

    Emulasi dalam Flash

    Clock Speed

    72 MHz


        3. PIR Sensor



       

    Parameter TeknisSpesifikasi / Nilai
    Tegangan Operasi (VCC)4.5V hingga 20V DC (Disarankan menggunakan 5V)
    Konsumsi Arus (Standby)Sangat rendah (< 50 µA)
    Sinyal OutputDigital (HIGH = 3.3V, LOW = 0V)
    Jarak Deteksi Maksimal3 meter hingga 7 meter (Dapat diatur)
    Sudut Deteksi (Viewing Angle)< 110° (Berbentuk kerucut / cone)
    Waktu Tunda (Delay Time)0.3 detik hingga ~5 menit (Dapat diatur)
    Waktu Blokade (Blockade Time)~2.5 detik (Waktu sensor "buta" setelah sinyal LOW)
    Suhu Operasi-15°C hingga +70°C
    Dimensi Modul~32 mm x 24 mm
    LensaLensa Fresnel (Kubah putih bertekstur)

        4. LED


    Parameter TeknisSpesifikasi / Nilai
    Arus Operasi Normal ($I_f$)10 mA – 20 mA (Sangat disarankan beroperasi di ~15mA)
    Arus Puncak Maksimal~30 mA (Lebih dari ini LED bisa terbakar/putus)
    Tegangan Maju ($V_f$) - Merah / Kuning1.8V – 2.2V DC
    Tegangan Maju ($V_f$) - Hijau / Biru / Putih3.0V – 3.4V DC
    Tegangan Balik Maksimum ($V_r$)~5V DC (Batas aman jika polaritas terbalik)
    Sudut Pandang Cahaya (Viewing Angle)

    15° hingga 30° (Tipe clear/transparent)


    ~60° (Tipe diffused/doff)

    Identifikasi Polaritas (Kaki)Kaki panjang = Anoda (+), Kaki pendek / sisi rata = Katoda (-)


        5. Resistor


    Diagram Blok  :



3. Rangkaian Simulasi dan Prinsip Kerja [kembali]

Smart Entry Indicator

      Prinsip kerja rangkaian Smart Entry Indicator ini diawali ketika sensor PIR (Passive Infrared) mendeteksi adanya pergerakan manusia di dalam area jangkauannya melalui penangkapan pancaran radiasi inframerah termal. Begitu gerakan terdeteksi, sensor PIR akan mengirimkan sinyal masukan berlogika tinggi (High) menuju pin input mikrokontroler Arduino Nano. Mikrokontroler kemudian memproses sinyal masuk tersebut berdasarkan program yang telah ditanamkan, lalu seketika mengaktifkan blok kendali output untuk menyalakan tiga indikator sekaligus, yaitu Buzzer sebagai alarm suara, LED kuning sebagai indikator visual ruangan, serta built-in LED pada papan Arduino sebagai penanda status sistem. Selanjutnya, program akan menahan kondisi aktif tersebut dengan menjalankan instruksi waktu tunggu (delay) selama 10 detik agar alarm dan indikator menyala dengan durasi yang cukup. Setelah penundaan waktu selesai, mikrokontroler otomatis mematikan seluruh output ke kondisi semula dan sistem kembali masuk ke dalam siklus perulangan (loop) untuk bersiap siaga menunggu deteksi pergerakan berikutnya secara terus-menerus.

4. Flowchart dan Listing Program [kembali]


Flowchart





Listing Program


/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */

/**

  ******************************************************************************

  * @file           : main.c

  * @brief          : Main program body

  ******************************************************************************

  * @attention

  *

  * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.

  * All rights reserved.

  *

  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file

  * in the root directory of this software component.

  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.

  *

  ******************************************************************************

  */

/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "main.h"

 

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

 

/* USER CODE END Includes */

 

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

 

/* USER CODE END PTD */

 

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

 

/* USER CODE END PD */

 

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

 

/* USER CODE END PM */

 

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

 

COM_InitTypeDef BspCOMInit;

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

 

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

uint8_t pir_state;

uint8_t data;

 

 

/* USER CODE END PV */

 

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/

void SystemClock_Config(void);

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);

/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

 

/* USER CODE END PFP */

 

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

 

/* USER CODE END 0 */

 

/**

  * @brief  The application entry point.

  * @retval int

  */

int main(void)

{

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

 

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

 

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

 

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */

  HAL_Init();

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

 

  /* USER CODE END Init */

 

  /* Configure the system clock */

  SystemClock_Config();

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

 

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

 

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */

  MX_GPIO_Init();

  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

 

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

 

  /* Initialize led */

  BSP_LED_Init(LED_GREEN);

 

  /* Initialize USER push-button, will be used to trigger an interrupt each time it's pressed.*/

  BSP_PB_Init(BUTTON_USER, BUTTON_MODE_EXTI);

 

  /* Initialize COM1 port (115200, 8 bits (7-bit data + 1 stop bit), no parity */

  BspCOMInit.BaudRate   = 115200;

  BspCOMInit.WordLength = COM_WORDLENGTH_8B;

  BspCOMInit.StopBits   = COM_STOPBITS_1;

  BspCOMInit.Parity     = COM_PARITY_NONE;

  BspCOMInit.HwFlowCtl  = COM_HWCONTROL_NONE;

  if (BSP_COM_Init(COM1, &BspCOMInit) != BSP_ERROR_NONE)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

 

  /* Infinite loop */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */

  while (1)

  {

      pir_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_0);

 

      if (pir_state == GPIO_PIN_SET)

          data = '1';

      else

          data = '0';

 

      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, &data, 1, 100);

      HAL_Delay(500);

  }

 

 

}

 

/**

  * @brief System Clock Configuration

  * @retval None

  */

void SystemClock_Config(void)

{

  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};

  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

 

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage

  */

  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1_BOOST);

 

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters

  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.

  */

  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV4;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 85;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;

  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;

  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

 

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks

  */

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK

                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

 

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

}

 

/**

  * @brief USART1 Initialization Function

  * @param None

  * @retval None

  */

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)

{

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */

 

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */

 

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */

  huart1.Instance = USART1;

  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;

  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;

  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;

  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;

  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;

  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;

  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;

  huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;

  huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;

  huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;

  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

  if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

  if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1) != HAL_OK)

  {

    Error_Handler();

  }

  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */

 

  /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */

 

}

 

/**

  * @brief GPIO Initialization Function

  * @param None

  * @retval None

  */

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)

{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

 

  /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */

 

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */

  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();

  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();

  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

 

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PA0 */

  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;

  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;

  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;

  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

 

  /* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */

 

  /* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */

}

 

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

 

/* USER CODE END 4 */

 

/**

  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.

  * @retval None

  */

void Error_Handler(void)

{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */

  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */

  __disable_irq();

  while (1)

  {

  }

  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */

}

 

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT

/**

  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number

  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.

  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name

  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number

  * @retval None

  */

void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)

{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */

  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,

     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */

  /* USER CODE END 6 */

}

#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */


5. Video Demo [kembali]

Percobaan 3 Smart Entry Indicator



6. Kondisi [kembali]

Percobaan 3
Smart Entry Indicator UART (STM32F103C8 – STM32 NUCLEO G474RE) 

7. Analisa dan Pembahasan [kembali]











8. Download File [kembali]








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