Laporan Akhir M3 Mikro
1. Prosedur [kembali]
- Wiring Rangkaian Hardware Sesuai
Percobaan 3 dengan menggunakan Protokol Komunikasi UART.
- Jika Sudah Sesuai. Buka
STM32CubeIDE New Project untuk STMNucleoG474RE.
- dan Inisiasi Connectivity
Konfigurasi Sesuai Modul pada STMNucleoG474RE
- Buka Juga NewProject Untuk
STM32BluePill
- dan Inisiasi Connectivity
Konfigurasi Sesuai Modul pada STM32Bluepill.
- Perhatikan hasil Output dari Rangkaian dan Program!
2. Hardware dan Diagram Blok [kembali]
1. STM32 Nucleo G474RE
Microcontroller | STM32G474RE (ARM Cortex-M4F) |
Operating Voltage | 3.3 V |
Input Voltage (recommended) | 5 V via USB (ST-LINK) atau 7–12 V via VIN |
Input Voltage (limit) | 4.5 – 15 V (VIN board Nucleo) |
Digital I/O Pins | ±51 GPIO pins (tergantung konfigurasi fungsi) |
PWM Digital I/O Pins | Hingga 24 channel PWM (advanced, general-purpose, dan high-resolution timers) |
Analog Input Pins | Hingga 24 channel ADC (12-bit / 16-bit dengan oversampling) |
DC Current per I/O Pin | Maks. 20 mA per pin (disarankan ≤ 8 mA) |
DC Current for 3.3V Pin | Hingga ±500 mA (tergantung regulator & sumber daya) |
Flash Memory | 512 KB internal Flash |
SRAM | 128 KB SRAM (termasuk CCM RAM) |
Clock Speed | Hingga 170 MHz |
2. STM32F103C8
Microcontroller | ARM Cortex-M3 |
Operating Voltage | 3.3 V |
Input Voltage (recommended) | 5 V |
Input Voltage (limit) | 2 – 3.6 V |
Digital I/O Pins | 32 |
PWM Digital I/O Pins | 15 |
Analog Input Pins | 10 (dengan resolusi 12-bit ADC) |
DC Current per I/O Pin | 25 mA |
DC Current for 3.3V Pin | 150 mA |
Flash Memory | 64 KB |
SRAM | 20 KB |
EEPROM | Emulasi dalam Flash |
Clock Speed | 72 MHz |
3. PIR Sensor
|
| Parameter Teknis | Spesifikasi / Nilai |
| Arus Operasi Normal ($I_f$) | 10 mA – 20 mA (Sangat disarankan beroperasi di ~15mA) |
| Arus Puncak Maksimal | ~30 mA (Lebih dari ini LED bisa terbakar/putus) |
| Tegangan Maju ($V_f$) - Merah / Kuning | 1.8V – 2.2V DC |
| Tegangan Maju ($V_f$) - Hijau / Biru / Putih | 3.0V – 3.4V DC |
| Tegangan Balik Maksimum ($V_r$) | ~5V DC (Batas aman jika polaritas terbalik) |
| Sudut Pandang Cahaya (Viewing Angle) | 15° hingga 30° (Tipe clear/transparent) ~60° (Tipe diffused/doff) |
| Identifikasi Polaritas (Kaki) | Kaki panjang = Anoda (+), Kaki pendek / sisi rata = Katoda (-) |
3. Rangkaian Simulasi dan Prinsip Kerja [kembali]
Smart Entry Indicator
Prinsip kerja rangkaian Smart Entry Indicator ini diawali ketika sensor PIR (Passive Infrared) mendeteksi adanya pergerakan manusia di dalam area jangkauannya melalui penangkapan pancaran radiasi inframerah termal. Begitu gerakan terdeteksi, sensor PIR akan mengirimkan sinyal masukan berlogika tinggi (High) menuju pin input mikrokontroler Arduino Nano. Mikrokontroler kemudian memproses sinyal masuk tersebut berdasarkan program yang telah ditanamkan, lalu seketika mengaktifkan blok kendali output untuk menyalakan tiga indikator sekaligus, yaitu Buzzer sebagai alarm suara, LED kuning sebagai indikator visual ruangan, serta built-in LED pada papan Arduino sebagai penanda status sistem. Selanjutnya, program akan menahan kondisi aktif tersebut dengan menjalankan instruksi waktu tunggu (delay) selama 10 detik agar alarm dan indikator menyala dengan durasi yang cukup. Setelah penundaan waktu selesai, mikrokontroler otomatis mematikan seluruh output ke kondisi semula dan sistem kembali masuk ke dalam siklus perulangan (loop) untuk bersiap siaga menunggu deteksi pergerakan berikutnya secara terus-menerus.
4. Flowchart dan Listing Program [kembali]
/* USER CODE
BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that
can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software
component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this
software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END
Header */
/* Includes
------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include
"main.h"
/* Private
includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE
BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END
Includes */
/* Private
typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE
BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END
PTD */
/* Private define
------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE
BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END
PD */
/* Private macro
-------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE
BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END
PM */
/* Private
variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
COM_InitTypeDef
BspCOMInit;
UART_HandleTypeDef
huart1;
/* USER CODE
BEGIN PV */
uint8_t pir_state;
uint8_t data;
/* USER CODE END
PV */
/* Private
function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void
SystemClock_Config(void);
static void
MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void
MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN
PFP */
/* USER CODE END
PFP */
/* Private user
code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE
BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END
0 */
/**
* @brief
The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU
Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the
Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Initialize led */
BSP_LED_Init(LED_GREEN);
/* Initialize USER push-button, will be used
to trigger an interrupt each time it's pressed.*/
BSP_PB_Init(BUTTON_USER, BUTTON_MODE_EXTI);
/* Initialize COM1 port (115200, 8 bits
(7-bit data + 1 stop bit), no parity */
BspCOMInit.BaudRate = 115200;
BspCOMInit.WordLength = COM_WORDLENGTH_8B;
BspCOMInit.StopBits = COM_STOPBITS_1;
BspCOMInit.Parity = COM_PARITY_NONE;
BspCOMInit.HwFlowCtl = COM_HWCONTROL_NONE;
if (BSP_COM_Init(COM1, &BspCOMInit) !=
BSP_ERROR_NONE)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
pir_state = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,
GPIO_PIN_0);
if (pir_state == GPIO_PIN_SET)
data = '1';
else
data = '0';
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, &data,
1, 100);
HAL_Delay(500);
}
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void
SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator
output voltage
*/
HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1_BOOST);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according
to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType =
RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue =
RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource =
RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 85;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct)
!= HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses
clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType =
RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource =
RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider =
RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider =
RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider =
RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if
(HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief USART1 Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void
MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling =
UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
huart1.Init.OneBitSampling =
UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler =
UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;
huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit =
UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if
(HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) !=
HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1,
UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1)
!= HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
}
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void
MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
/*Configure GPIO pin : PA0 */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}
/* USER CODE
BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END
4 */
/**
* @brief
This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void
Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to
report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief
Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
*
where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param
file: pointer to the source file name
* @param
line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void
assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report
the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value:
file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /*
USE_FULL_ASSERT */
5. Video Demo [kembali]
Percobaan 3 Smart Entry Indicator
7. Analisa dan Pembahasan [kembali]
- Download Video Demo (klik disini)
- Download Analisa (klik disini)
- Download Listing Program (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet Sensor PIR (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet Resistor (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet LED (klik disini)
- Download Datasheet Buzzer (klik disini)
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